Interactive effects of spray drying characteristics on SO2 capture using limestone sorbent: a response surface methodology study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2281-4485/17829Keywords:
Spray dry scrubbing, SO2, limestone, Response Surface Methodology, interactive effectsAbstract
This study involved an investigation to assess the performance of limestone sorbent for spray dry scrubbing of sulphur dioxide from simulated flue gas using a lab-scale spray dryer. The project comprised of detailed experimental testing utilizing Central Composite Design (CCD) to investigate the influence of spray drying parameters on the removal of SO2 from flue gas. Several experiments were performed to analyse the influence of stoichiometric ratio (0.5 - 2.5), flue gas flowrate (24 - 36 m3/h), and inlet gas temperature (120 - 200 ℃) on SO2 removal efficiency of limestone. A predictive quadratic model was established based on experimental findings to correlate independent variables and the response. The model exhibited a strong fit to the data, indicated by R-squared coefficient of 0.98. The experimental findings revealed that the stoichiometric ratio (SR) had a large impact on the removal efficiency of SO2 in the spray dryer while the flue gas flowrate through the scrubber exhibited minimal influence. The combined effects of the spray drying variables were found to significantly impact the removal efficiency. A high removal efficiency of 70% was achieved when employing a higher stoichiometric ratio (SR=2) and lower temperature (T=140 °C). The lowest removal efficiency was recorded at a high temperature (T=180 °C) coupled with lower stoichiometric ratio (SR=1). The characterization of the dry collected products revealed evidence of desulphurization, manifesting in the formation of hannebachite (Ca2SO3.2H2O) and unreacted sorbent.
References
ALMETWALLY A.A., BIN-JUMAH M., ALLAM,A.A. (2020) Ambient air pollution and its influence on human health and welfare: an overview. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27: 24815–24830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09042-2
BONTZOLIS C.D., PETRAKI M.K., SPARTINOS D.N. (2019) Experimental study and parametric analysis of SO2 capture in limestone fixed bed reactor. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 94:3227–3235. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.6132
CARPENTER A.M. (2017) Water conservation in coal-fired power plants. IEA Clean Coal Cent. Lond. UK.
CÓRDOBA P. (2015) Status of Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) systems from coal-fired power plants: Overview of the physic-chemical control processes of wet limestone FGDs. Fuel, 144:274–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.12.065
Department of Environmental Affairs (2020) Cabinet approves amendment of sulphur dioxide minimum emission standards for coal combustion installations – mainly power generation existing plants [Online]. URL https://www.dffe.gov.za/mediarelease/creecy_ emmissionstandards_amendmentpromulgated_sulpurdioxide_combustioninstallation
DU C., YI H., TANG X., ZHAO S., GAO F., YU Q., YANG Z., YANG K., XIE X., MA Y. (2020) Desulfurization and denitrification experiments in SDA system: A new high-efficient semi-dry process by NaClO2. Separation and Purification Technology, 230:115873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115873
FAKHARI M.A., RAHIMI A., HATAMIPOUR M.S., FOZOONI A. (2017) Experimental study of simultaneous removal of CO2 and SO2 in a spouted bed reactor. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 95, 1150–1155. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.22784
FRANÇA Í.W.L., CARTAXO S.J.M., BASTOS-NETO M., GONÇALVES L.R.B., FERNANDES F.A.N. (2020) Effect of Additives to Improve Calcium-Based Sorbents in Semi-Dry Flue Gas Desulphurization. Emission Control Science and Technology. 6:105–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-020-00156-0
GAO H., LI C., ZENG G., ZHANG W., SHI L., LI S., ZENG Y., FAN X., WEN Q., SHU X. (2011) Flue gas desulphurization based on limestone-gypsum with a novel wet-type PCF device. Separation and Purification Technology. 76:253–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2010.10.013
GASSNER M., NILSSON J., NILSSON E., PALMÉ T., ZÜFLE H., BERNERO S. (2014) A data-driven approach for analysing the operational behaviour and performance of an industrial flue gas desulphurisation process. In: Computer Aided Chemical Engineering. Elsevier, pp. 661–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63456-6.50111-3
GONCALOĞLU B.İ., SARAL A., ERTÜRK F. (2009) Evaluation of flue gas SO2 removal efficiency of Turkish trona in a pilot-scale spray dryer desulphurization process. Fresenius Environ. Bull., 18:619–623.
GU S., YANG Z., CHEN Z., YOU C. (2020) Dissolution Reactivity and Kinetics of Low-Grade Limestone for Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 59:14242–14251. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01896
HAYNES W.M. (2014) CRC handbook of chemistry and physics. CRC press.
HRDLIČKA J., DLOUHÝ T. (2019) Full-scale evaluation of SO2 capture increase for semi-dry FGD technology. Journal of the Energy Institute. 92:1399–1405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2018.09.002
LI C., JIA Z., YE X., YIN S. (2018) Simulation on deacidification performance of waste incinerator flue gas by rotating spray drying. Energy, 152:652–665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.173
LI X., HAN J., LIU Y., DOU Z., ZHANG T. (2022a) Summary of research progress on industrial flue gas desulfurization technology. Separation and Purification Technology, 281: 119849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119849
LI Z., MA X., LIAO Y., ZHAO N. (2022b) Characteristics analysis and parameters optimization of desulfurization wastewater evaporation in a rotary spray drying tower. Powder Technology. 399, 117211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117211
MYERS R.H., MONTGOMERY D.C., ANDERSON-COOK C.M. (2016) Response surface methodology: process and product optimization using designed experiments. John Wiley & Sons.
OLLERO P., SALVADOR L. AND CAÑADAS L. (1997) An experimental study of flue gas desulfurization in a pilot spray dryer. Environmental progress, 16(1), pp.20-28. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.3300160116
REZAEI F., ROWNAGHI A.A., MONJEZI S., LIVELY R.P., JONES C.W. (20150 SOx/NOx removal from flue gas streams by solid adsorbents: a review of current challenges and future directions. Energy & Fuels 29:5467–5486. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01286
ROY P., SARDAR A. (2015) SO2 emission control and finding a way out to produce sulphuric acid from industrial SO2 emission. Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology. 6, 1000230. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7048.1000230
SCALA F., D'ASCENZO M. AND LANCIA A. (2004) Modeling flue gas desulfurization by spray-dry absorption. Separation and Purification Technology, 34(1-3):143-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(03)00188-6
TAVAN Y., HOSSEINI S.H. (2017) A novel rate of the reaction between NaOH with CO2 at low temperature in spray dryer. Petroleum 3:51–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petlm.2016.11.006
WEY M.Y., WU H.Y., TSENG H.H., CHEN J.C. (2003) Experimental Testing of Spray Dryer for Control of Incineration Emissions. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A 38, 975–989. https://doi.org/10.1081/ESE-120018605
World Health Organization, 2021. WHO global air quality guidelines: particulate matter (PM2. 5 and PM10), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide: executive summary.
YANG H.M. AND KIM S.S. (2000) Experimental study on the spray characteristics in the spray drying absorber. Environmental Science & Technology, 34(21):4582-4586. https://doi.org/10.1021/es001104c
YI H., DU C., MA Y., TANG X., ZHAO S., GAO F., YANG Z., HUANG Y., YANG K., XIE X. (2020) A novel semi-dry method for the simultaneous removal of Hg and SO2 using spray drying absorption method. Journal of Chemical and Biotechnology. 95, 1431–1440. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.6328
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Lawrence Kipyegon Koech, Kasturie Premlall, Munyadziwa Ramakokovhu, Rotini Sadiku
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
